![]() The principle of electronic beam steering for UCA-based OAM communication system is compensating the changed phases caused by oblique angle at the transmit or receive UCA through adjusting the delays of antenna elements by phase shifters, then the normal phases used only for OAM piralization/despiralization are tuned to the new phases used for both OAM piralization/despiralization and beam steering towards the direction of departure/arrival of OAM beams. Specifically, the coarse alignment is first achieved by mechanical beam steering, and then electronic beam steering is exploited to compensate the small-scale misalignment error caused by perturbations, such as random wind, rain, or installation errors. unlike their home countries) and exploit them in the process. ![]() In this paper, to deal with the aforementioned problems, we first propose a hybrid mechanical and electronic beam steerable transceiver structure, which consists of a UCA fixed with mechanical rotation devices in pitch, roll and yaw directions, respectively, as shown in Fig. Recommendations signal a strong need for more research that addresses contributive effects.
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